A Super-Capacitor, also known as an Ultra-Capacitor or an Electric Double Layer Capacitor, an energy-saving device that rapidly stores energy and supplies a substantial amount of current rapidly or continuously.
Activated Carbon technology creates the characteristics that absorb or separates electric charges which are fundamental to the Supercapacitor.
Since a supercapacitor has much lower internal resistance (ESR) compared to battery technology, it can supply greater output power. Also operating over wider temperature ranges with much longer lifetime(500,000+ cycles) than a battery.

More information can be found on our web site of VINATech Blog

Learn more about What is a SuperCapacitor and How does it work? (Link)

Lean more about How to make a SuperCapacitor (Link)

 

An EDLC(Electric Double Layer Capacitor) refers to two parallel layers of electric charges that are formed around an object interface with lot of holes and with special materials that produce electric statics.
Electric Double Layer Capacitor stores energy by using Electric Double Layers where electric charges are combined together for charging and separated for discharging. Thus, it has little damage to an electrode, which allows it to last semi-permanently, and to charge and discharge quickly. 

Pseudo-Capacitor is an electrochemical supercapacitor where energy (pseudo capacitance) is generated through red ox reaction between an electrode and electrolyte.
 
There are disadvantages of the Pseudo-Capacitor. Metal active material, its main raw material is expensive and its manufacturing process is difficult. Also, its ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) is high.

Basically, the hybrid capacitor is a combination of two different electrodes, one is EDLC electrode, and the other is Pseudo-Capacitor electrode. Therefore, this capacitor sustains both EDLC and Pseudo-capacitor characteristics. For example, an EDLC electrode in the Hybrid Capacitor has high density power and the other Pseudo-Capacitor electrode has high density capacitance (energy).
 
Among its advantages, it is environmentally-friendly, and its energy density is higher than an EDLC. Also its charging and discharging is fast.
 
VinaTech’s Hybrid Capacitor is also called P-EDLC.

‘Capacitance’ means the amount of electrical charges that can be stored or discharged
per voltage. 
 
‘Rated Voltage’ means the maximum voltage that can be applied continuously in standard( or normal) conditions without harming the component.. 
 
‘Max. Current’ means the maximum amount of current that can be supplied to equipment.
 
Resistance
AC-ESR(Alternating Current-Equivalent Series Resistance):
The resistance value, measured in AC setting enabling fast quality test measurement
 
DC-ESR (Direct Current-Equivalent Series Resistance) means ESR value that is measured by repetitive charging and discharging in direct current setting.
 
According to IEC62391 VINATech measures DC-ESR(Rd) by the following formula.
 
 
‘I’ is the discharging current, and ‘△U3’ is the difference value between the discharging voltage at start and the discharging voltage 10ms later (or the voltage value that comes after subtracting the discharging voltage 10ms later from the start discharging voltage)
 
‘Leakage Current’ is current that leaks from the circuit where the current is supposed to flow. The current that leaks from a case or a point of earthing is also called the leakage current.
 
‘Energy density’ refers to the amount of energy stored in a set weight or a set volume. The term for this is Wh/kg or Wh/I.
 
‘Power Density’ refers to the amount of power that is generated from a set weight or a set volume. The term for this is W/kg or W/I.

Hy-Cap is the brand name for the VINATech designed and manufactured super-capacitor. 
MORE ->

Hy-Cap has acquired various quality approvals including UL, IATF 16949 :2016. 
Also Hy-Cap complies with RoHS and WEEE.
 
Hy-Cap Certifications UL [Download]
Hy-Cap Certifications IATF 16949 : 2016 [Download]

Using activated carbons, a natural material, our Hy-Cap is environmentally-friendly.
 
It offers very high density power with super-low ESR (low internal resistance).
VINATech are the first company in the world to develop 3.0V EDLC creating a 23% increase in power density compared to 2.7V Hy-Cap’s.
 
Our hybrid type Hy-Cap offers twice the energy density of the standard EDLC range. By using PC (Propylene Carbonate) the P-EDLC operates in a wider temperature range than Batteries. The Hybrid technology has impressive power output and long life time, ideally suited to replacing low energy density battery technology.
 
Vinatech has the largest production capacity of cylinder type capacitors focusing in the0.5F~1,000F range.

Our Hy-Cap EDLC, with very low internal resistance(ESR), is ideally suited for back-up power applications that require strong current for short period of time or quick response, while our hybrid-type Hy-Cap, with double density capacitance compared to the standard EDLC is the right solution for back-up power demands requiring low current for long period of time in continuous mode. 

VINATech's Ultracapacitor (i.e. EDLC) can be applied in various industries and VINATech has been committed to developing environmentally friendly technologies and solutions. Lithium Hybrid Capacitor VPC series works ideally at 3.8v operating voltage and support battery powered products such as NBIoT and GPRS communication modules.

3v Ultracapacitors has provided since 2010 and Hy-Cap NEO Ultracapacitors has been developed to provide optimized performance under high temperature and humit conditions. VINATech offers world class quality and long lifecycle based on the process technology developments with applying smart factory technologies.

Lean more about Hy-Cap Ultracapacitors Application area (Link!)

Regenerative Braking is an electric braking method that produces braking force by operating the motor as a power generator to convert kinetic energy to electric energy, which is also called, “Regenerative Braking Power.” In this system the turning resistance during the power generation can be used as braking force. Regenerative Braking is widely used in areas where the motor serves as the power source, e.g., elevators, electric locomotives, or ordinary vehicles.

Regenerative Energy in elevators consist of an all-in-one converter/inverter, car, discharge resistor and balance weight.


Regenerative Energy in elevators generates the energy when the elevator goes up or down, according to weight difference between the car load and the balance weight.

If the car load is heavier than the balance weight, Regenerative Energy is generated while the car moves down; if the former is lighter than the latter, the energy is generated while the car moves up.

Even though a fire may take place at the same time as the blackout, the elevator carries passengers all the way to a safe floor and opens the door, by activating the Super Capacitor.


In case of no Super Capacitor
•Passengers boarding on 30th floor
•Blackout; elevator stops moving
•Call to emergency service for rescue
•A fire on 20th floor; fire alarm activated
•Emergency service arrives for the rescue

In case of a Super Capacitor
•Passengers boarding on 30th floor
•Blackout; Super Capacitor activated
•Elevator stops on 28th floor; door opens passengers disembark
•Announcement for prevention of boarding
•A fire on 20th floor; fire alarm activated

A Super Capacitor mounted in the elevator can reduce the cost of mobilizing firefighters in a door lockup incident. The following table is a summary of the number of firefighters’ mobilizations from 2010 to 2013 in South Korea; here you can see that about 20,000 incidents take place each year.

 
The below graph shows voltage variations in cases where Super Capacitor is or is not installed.


 

The total cycle time for our Hy-Cap EDLC is 500,000~1,000,000, and the cycle time for Hybrid type Hy-Cap is 100,000.
 
However, the working conditions such as temperature and voltage could affect the total cycle time. 

When using Hy-Cap Electric Double-Layer Capacitor, please make sure of polarity(+and ‒marking) when using and do not use higher than rated voltage. Also please use within the recommended operating temperature range and store within the recommended storage temperature range. In case of connecting more than 2 units for modules, we recommend “unit voltage - 0.2V” per unit for the sake of safer voltage balancing (e.g. 2.5V in case of 2.7V unit). When soldering, be aware of proper conditions in order to avoid excessive heat or time on the products.

 >> Learn more(Link)

※ For more details, please contact us.
 

You can download Hy-Cap catalogue from below link and contact us for further details on our inquiry page and hycap@vina.co.kr. If you want them by mail, please request them on our inquiry page.
 
 Hy-Cap Catalogue
 

You can request for samples on our inquiry page. We will send them once we have checked your application and requirements for the most suitable solution.

Voltage variation amongst cells could occur in a module depending on each cell’s characteristics. The variable needs to be reduced to as low as possible for the best performance. The function of reducing it is called ‘balancing’. Vinatech’s special balancing technology is applied to all Vinatech’s modules in order to make their life time as long as possible and utilize their capacitance as much as possible.   

Whether a user needs balancing or not depends on the charging condition. VINATech modules are balanced from matched products direct from the production line.
Balancing is not necessary if the maximum charging voltage leaves an available margin of 0.2V. For example, a maximum charging voltage for a 2.7V cell is 2.5V, then 0.2V is left vacant, so it doesn't need to be balanced. 

However, if an application charges fully to maximum voltage like 2.7V or 3.0V, then it should be balanced. 
Active balancing takes up more PCB space, so because of space constraint, we usually recommend a passive balancing. Active balancing is more costly (x2 in case and has energy needs too).
If the user doesn’t’ want passive balancing, then identify the required charging condition. If the charging condition leaves enough margin over 2.0v, then the balancing is not necessary. 
With enough margin, the user can use a module without balancing as this will lead to the shortening of life time of the Supercapacitor

>> Learn more

Yes. For example, a Lead Terminal, Snap-in Terminal, Wire Terminal, and Wired connector are all available options.

You can request contact details via our inquiry page. The most local VINATech office will then contact you to discuss your application and requirements.

Also, you may refer the Locations(Link) for regional sales contact. 

Please contact us on our inquiry page or email us hycap@vina.co.kr for the specification of the package.

The Hy-Cap cell in size of Φ8 or of Φ10 can be also offered in Ammo Taping Package.

Please see photos of a new design for a Solar watch, we have permission to use this in our websites and it's certainly a different application with VINATech Hy-Cap Supercapacitor.



"I understand that this not practical watches, I calling my product "party watch", not for daily usage but good eye catcher on special occasions.
Standby time is acceptable, in good condition more than 7 days. If anybody think that 5 minutes run-time is low? it is about 300seconds if you display time for 3 seconds you can check time 100 times or 350 times in low brightness.

Charging:

Charging is very simple because VINATech supercaps are 3.0V, just I use 3.0V fixed voltage LDO MCP1700T3002ETT with 10R resistor to limit charging current + shottky diode for protection reverse current to LDO .... charging voltage drop to acceptable 2.95V

 ...

I am satisfied with results, I have something unique in world ... non practical but unique ;) ...."


Thanks to the Hackaday team you can learn more through Hackaday and YouTube.

Hy-cap Supercapacitor LED Watch made By Peter Misenko 
YouTube > www.youtube.com/watch?v=MieHTr4xJfM 
Project Log > https://hackaday.io/project/21342-bpw34-solar-powered-led-watch 
'Absolute best watch ever'

Hy-Cap Anti Wetting Solution

The NEO series has been developed by VINATech’s R&D team.
 
What is ‘Wetting’?
‘Wetting’ is a phenomenon found when a Radial type EDLC (or Coin type) is used in extreme conditions, normally above the recommended +65c and linked with high humidity, normally found in Equatorial countries, rain forests etc. or in plain high temperatures near coast lines and some factory environments too.
The observation is a black sticky substance on the (-) pin, this in fact is a strong Alkali which corrodes the pin and rubber then erodes the PCB track causing equipment failure. Often the EDLC continues to work.

Why does it leak? We have studied this in depth and understand it is caused by an internal chemical reaction when additional H2O meets the Electrode and Electrolyte. It doesn’t effect the SNAP IN types
VINATech and some major customers have tested the NEO products at +65℃ & 90% RH and, after 12 months of accelerated test, have not seen any sign of wetting.
 
What is ‘Leakage’?
 ‘Leakage’ is a phenomenon that the electrolyte (Salt + Solvent) is emitted out through (+/-) lead hole or rim of Al can, then only salt which looks white remains dried. It is mainly caused by the abnormality of sealing.
Basically ‘Leakage’ phenomenon is different with ‘Wetting’,  because the root cause is totally different.


Does it affect all EDLCs?
So far we have evidence it affects all EDLCs but mainly 2.7V series. As yet we haven’t seen “wetting” from our 3V customers, but it could be possible.
It affects all Industry sectors from HVAC to PCs, UPS, Automotive , Tracking , Building controls and AMR(Smartmeter).

Does it effect our competitors?
Yes. We have tested all our competitors 2.7V products and at some stage, some earlier than others, their products do fail

How is NEO better than other possible Anti Wetting solutions?
VINATech have improved the rubber bung, tightened the sealing (also for standard VEC series) but have also changed the Internal construction of the Capacitor to prevent the chemical reaction.

How do our competitors overcome Wetting?
One manufacturer has improved the rubber bung (like our VEC type) and added some epoxy or urethan, this has delayed the phenomenon. They also recommend anti gravitational mounting.
Other manufacturers suggest increasing the number of capacitors in series or bluntly say it is a fact of life and the customer should plan for this.

Life time, can we use the same life time data?
Yes, the NEO follows the same characteristics

Soldering and usage?
Please use the same guidelines as for VEC series, manual soldering or wave soldering (NOT Reflow)  

Please check this out the video of an electric rocket, made with VINATech's Hy-Cap supercapacitor, that is, Ultracapacitor, electric double layer capacitor(EDLC). Thanks to Mr. Tom Stanton, he agreed to post it on VINATech websites.
Before the project, he thought the supercapacitor was more like future technology related with fast charging electric vehicles(EV). However, after he made supercapacitor rocket by himself with VINATech 3V supercapacitor, he found out that it has more energy density than the regular capacitor, and you can find it in the video between 01:30~02:00. 12:10 can see how fast for charging supercapacitor and 12:30 Hy-Cap supercapacitor Rocket is soaring up in the air successfully.
 

• You can see the picture at https://lnkd.in/fcs4jHe
• YouTube : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vWgwYBDSHGo

Fuel Cells are a growing source of environmentally friendly energy generation and VINATech is a leader in the development of this emerging technology. VINATech explains in the blog how to make  VINATech MEA (Membrane Electrode Assembly) for PEMFC(Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell) and for DMFC (Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Membrane Electrode Assembly).

Learn more >> How to make MEA? PEMFC-MEA and DMFC-MEA?



 

DC ESR(Rd) is calculated by voltage drop (ΔV) which is measured by the period of time from discharge start to 10 milliseconds later. The discharge current(A) for test and measurement, 40 x Capacitance(F) x Rated Voltage(VR) would be recommended. AC Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) is measured by 4-probe impedance analyzer. Condition : Potentiostat mode, AC amplitude : 5mV, Frequency : 1㎑
Supercapacitor capacitance measurement is as followed.



 

VPC is a hybrid lithium capacitor, developed by the VINATech own research and development engineers.
VPC's part number starts with VEL, and its datasheet on our web site(Link)

Learn More >> All about VPC (Link)

VINATech product research and development engineers are working hard to provide you wider product range to better serve our customers with world best energy solution technologies.

If you are still wondering what can be the most suitable device for you? Contact Hycap@vina.co.kr now.

VINATech has developed and produced fuel cell materials of Catalyst Support, Pt Catalyst, and Membrane Electrode Assembly(MEA) and is engaged in Hydrogen Fuel Cell business with its own mass production line and R&D team to serve major customers worldwide.

VINATech Membrane Electrode Assembly(MEA) will be ideally suited for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell(PEMFC) and Direct Methanol Fuel Cell(DMFC). MEA for PEMFC is used for Transportation of Automotives and portable fuel cell, Stationary such as households and building system and drone.

According to each application, VINATech fuel cell materials show less performance deterioration compared to commercial products after Accelerated Stress Test(AST), since VINATech fuel cell materials are verified with less carbon corrosion. VINATech fuel cell materials performance indicates the excellence and high durability of anti-corrosion under the conditions such as temperature, humidity and pressure according to each application.

Learn more about VINATech Fuel Cell Materials Specification(Link)